Sed Rocks -Con’t

It takes 2 moles to weather ignious rocks, but only 1 mole is returned by the calcium carbonate. So silcate weathering consumes CO2

Lithification process

1. Compaction
2. Dissolution
3. Precipatation
4. Recrystalization
5. Cementation

Facies Concept

1. Unique to where a rock forms
2. Sediment transported to shore line
3. sand facies is very high energy
4. finer grain caries through sand to mud
5. very little carries out to the carbonate faces
6. Sand stone to mud stone to lime stone
7. Facies can only be ontop or below ajacent facies
8. The order in which they’re array’d gives us the sea level history (transgression or Regression)
9. Durring regression erotion takes place

Major depositional environments

1. Weathering and erosion (proximal) -> source rock and climate
2. Transportation and sedimentation (updip to fluvial) -> distance, gradient, energy level (lakes vs river)
3. Shoarline (dunes)
4. Deltas
5. Deep Marine
6. rate of sink matters

Eluvial system

1. Fan (not clay because not enough time) basement stuff (felpars)
2. Braided (broad and wide streams)

Eolian depositis ->

1. fine grained (weathered by wind)
2. between proximal and distal
3. Dunes migrate ontop of eachother

Meandering streams

1. Big and deep
2. flood eluvial vally
3. deposits silt and clay
4. going down: High energy to low energy

Delta

1. Sudden energy drop
2. While global sealevel is rising, the mississippi is regressing because of sedemens
3. Opposite gradiant: find to course grain due to regression

Reaf system

1. Limestones and dolastones (from magnesium from lagoons)
2. Both high and low energy (high from ocean, low from lagoon)

Turbidites

1. Clay -> courser then back to cley suddenly
2. Graded bedding
3. Energy of the flow highest when it gets to the site
4. head of flow is course tail is finer.

Important stuff that didn’t fit anywhere else

1. Lacustrine Deposits: Varves
2. Layering caused by lakes
3. Diagenisis -> everything not metamorphic
4. Basement = Igneous rocks
5. felspar becomes clay, but it takes time

Metamorphic rocks -> represent changes that occer in solid state (prior to melting)

1. Recrystalization
2. Phase changes
3. Neo Crystalization
4. Pressure solution ->the contact (touching point) is desolved between grains
5. Deformation -> contact is not desolved
6. Tend to find them in Precambrian sheilds and occationally folded mountain belts (due to their tectonic activity)
7. Temp, pressure, fluids

Lithosphere goes down into mantal to stenosphere